What is the minimum bank angle required to perform a steep turn?

In performing a steep turn, the minimum bank angle typically recognized is 45 degrees. This is because a steep turn is defined as a maneuver that exceeds a standard turn, which is typically around 25 degrees of bank. A 45-degree bank angle allows pilots to maintain a balance between the increased load factor due to the added bank and the aircraft's ability to maintain altitude.

At this angle, pilots can effectively experience the characteristics of a steep turn, such as increased turn rate and load factor, while still being within a controllable range for most general aviation aircraft. While steeper bank angles like 60 degrees or more can be used for steep turns, they can increase the risk of losing altitude if not managed carefully, as the load factor increases significantly, which may strain the aircraft or lead to an undesirable stall situation depending on the specific aircraft's capabilities.

Understanding this concept is crucial for flight safety and gaining proficiency in managing aircraft in various turn situations.